Each of these meteorological readings are taken using a specific meteorological instrument. The classifications can provide some indication of the potential damage and flooding a hurricane will cause upon landfall. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration states. ", "Estimating Annual Numbers of Atlantic Hurricanes Missing from the HURDAT Database (1878–1965) Using Ship Track Density", "On Estimates of Historical North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity", "Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)", South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclones, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Category_4_Atlantic_hurricanes&oldid=990310510, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 24 November 2020, at 00:08. The system will be for them what Hurricane Andrew was for Miami; what Hurricane Rita was for Houston; what Hurricane Katrina was for New Orleans. Gusts can be up to 30% higher than the sustained winds. The highest classification in the scale, Category 5, consists of storms with sustained winds of at least 157 mph. Most Category 4 hurricanes occur during September, with 51 storms occurring in that month. The record high and low statistics for a Category 4 hurricane, in terms of pressure in millibars (mbar) and hectopascals (hPa), are Hurricane Opal of 1995, peaking at a record low of 916 mbar/hPa, and the 1926 Nassau hurricane, peaking at a record high of 967 mbar/hPa. https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/16/weather/hurricane-iota-monday [13], A total of 94 hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean Basin, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean, have reached Category 4 status as their peak intensity. All data listed is provided by the NHC best track, unless otherwise noted. Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. "Well-built framed homes can sustain severe damage with loss of most of the roof structure and/or some exterior walls. Hurricane Iota made landfall in Central America late Monday night, ripping through Nicaragua as a devastating Category 4 storm before significantly weakening … [3] In addition, Category 4 hurricanes are often Cape Verde-type hurricanes. Category 4 hurricanes are tropical cyclones that reach Category 4 intensity on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale.Category 4 hurricanes that later attained Category 5 strength are not included in this list. See the table to the right for all five categories with wind speeds in various units. A dagger () denotes that the storm temporarily weakened below Category 4 intensity during the specified period of time. Laura is now the most powerful August hurricane in the Gulf of Mexico since Katrina hit 15 years ago. These names may be familiar to you, as these storms have had lasting impacts on the areas they have hit. #Laura #HurricaneLaura pic.twitter.com/jaRAq82DfB. Category 5 hurricanes are also not included in the table below. Mandatory evacuations have been issued for coastal residents in Laura's path as a result of this dire storm surge scenario. The average pressure for a Category 4 Atlantic hurricane is between 932 and 945 mbar/hPa, just to delimit boundaries of what pressure a Category 4 hurricane peaks at. International US/Latin America. Category 4 is the second-highest hurricane classification category on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale, and storms that are of this intensity maintain maximum sustained winds of 113–136 knots (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h). Cape Verde hurricanes are usually the strongest, and their track sometimes points them towards the United States, or other land.[4]. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months. Also, some pressure readings for the older storms may have been taken at a time other than the storm's peak intensity. Category 4 storms are considered extreme hurricanes. No Category 4-5 hurricanes have made landfall in extreme eastern Texas or southwest Louisiana on record (since 1851). This surge could penetrate up to 30 miles inland from the immediate coastline. [5] It is likely that the increase in Atlantic tropical storm and hurricane frequency is primarily due to improved monitoring. Based on the Atlantic hurricane database, 142 hurricanes have attained Category 4 hurricane status since 1851, the start of modern meteorological record keeping. There have been no Category 4 hurricanes to form in either May or December, or in any other month outside the traditional bounds of the Atlantic hurricane season. There are four damaging and possibly deadly things all land-falling hurricanes produce: storm surge, extreme battering waves, extreme winds and torrential downpours. According to CNN, Nicaragua’s President claimed that Hurricane Iota was the largest to ever hit Nicaragua. #Laura pic.twitter.com/bV4jzT3Chd, Map showing continental US Category 4-5 #hurricane landfalls. The hurricane’s winds tore off the roof of the city’s makeshift hospital, after the main hospital was destroyed. It started as a category 5 hurricane and was later reduced to a category 4 hurricane. None of these methods can provide constant pressure measurements; thus it is possible the only measurement occurred when the cyclone was at a lesser strength. [11], All of the storms listed in this analysis are listed in chronological order, but they also list the minimum central pressure and maximum sustained winds. "Catastrophic damage" will occur when a Category 4 comes ashore, says the National Hurricane Center. Thus, some pressure readings might not be the minimum pressure. Places from Port Arthur, Texas, to Lake Charles, Louisiana, will take a 150 mph hurricane directly head-on. Category 4 Hurricane Iota closes in on storm-battered Central America. [1] "Sustained winds" refers to the average wind speed observed over one minute at a height of 10 meters (33 ft) above ground. For modern storms, the minimum pressure measurements are taken by Reconnaissance Aircraft using dropsondes, or by determining it from satellite imagery using the Dvorak technique. Power outages will last weeks to possibly months. In the years between 1851 and 1900, thirteen Category 4 storms are known to have occurred in the Atlantic Ocean. Most trees will be snapped or uprooted, and power poles downed. Hurricane Laura will change that when it comes ashore during the morning hours of Thursday. To be classified as a hurricane, a tropical cyclone must have one-minute-average maximum sustained winds at 10 m above the surface of at least 74 mph. Some pressure readings are unavailable due to scarce information. Hurricane Ike, which was a Category 4 storm, brought on a 24 ft storm surge, the third greatest storm surge ever recorded (after Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Camille, respectively). These, on average, are the peaks of a Category 5 major hurricane and a Category 2 hurricane. Louisiana and Texas are, of course, no stranger to hurricanes. ", In addition to the winds, impacts include more than a foot of rainfall for some, isolated tornadoes for others, and as the NHC put it on Wednesday, an ". Hurricane Eta makes landfall in Nicaragua as a fierce Category 4 storm The Honduran Institute for Civil Protection reported multiple rivers at risk of overflowing , …
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