Banking in the Novavilonsk kingdom has not yet become a separate profession, but was an application to usury. However, such associations were an exception, and the country’s polishline structure remained the norm, due to the presence of a number of waterways in the country (Євфрат within the south of Mesopotamia was divided into several channels). It was forbidden to take away the entire crop and property from the debtor – he had to work off his debt. Consequently, irrigation agriculture was the basis for the economic development of the then South of Mesopotamia. The law regulated this sphere of public relations. On the basis of joint economic interests, construction and operation of local irrigation systems, cities were united under stronger leadership. In order to protect the interests of the landowner, Section 62 of the Hammurabi Laws noted that when productivity decreases through poor land cultivation, the rent does not decrease and is determined by the average yield in the area. The measure of length was . Facts about Mesopotamian agriculture: Agriculture was a vitally important part of Mesopotamian society. using a simple stone plow that was pulled by oxen. Unlike Babylonia, the main source of slavery was not war, but debt bondage and the slave trade. Fact Check: What Power Does the President Really Have Over State Governors? For the population of Mesopotamia, the date palm was a real “tree of life”, because it was used to produce about 360 different products. the cities here emerged through synoiqism – the fusion of several rural communities. All trade was under the control of the state. In the Laws of Hammurabi, King of Babylonia in 1792-1750 BC. It was here that wheeled transport was used for the first time in the 4th millennium B.C. They stung a clay sickle with flint dentils inserted into it, threshing it on the threshing barn with a chain or special sleds, whose sleds were covered with shrimps. Your email address will not be published. However, there was no sharp division into social classes. The stone plow was typically attached to a shaft made of wood. The economy of the Babylonian state. It is a beam-ard, a simple machine which scratches a furrow without turning the soil and this changed little in design throughout the whole of Mesopotamian history. In the case of half a landowner had to help the tenant with working cattle and seed. Schumero-Akkkadskie society (XXII-XXI centuries BC) knew slavery, but in patriarchal form. ), The Secret Science of Solving Crossword Puzzles, Racist Phrases to Remove From Your Mental Lexicon. Development of high fields contributed to the development of horticulture. What Farming Tools Were Used in Ancient Mesopotamia. In general, the economy of the Chaldean Babylon was still natural. Although they had already moved from a hunting and gathering society to an agrarian one, their tools, such as hoes, axes, knives and hunting gear, were made largely from stone, passed down from the Neolithic Age. The system of improvement of the city was started: the houses of the city residents already in the III millennium BC had slabs, water supply and sewerage. At the top of Assyrian society were large landowners, merchants, officials, and priests. Required fields are marked *. Crafts, especially construction, carpentry, weaving, chinbarism, brewing, perfumery, etc., have long been developed in Southern Mesopotamia. He was the leader of the city-state of the sense, whose power passed from father to son. The difference between community members and those who held the offices was erased, and all of them became taxable private owners. In addition to palaces, administrative and residential houses were built, their walls were decorated with mosaics. Hammurabi’s laws periodically abolished debt obligations and regulated usurious interest (20% on a cash loan and 35% on an in-kind loan). There were private and public slaves, and they were used in irrigation works and crafts, which in Mesopotamia were considered shameful. It has caused intensive development of usury. In the XX-XVIII centuries B.C., the merchants of Smirate together with the merchants of the Priyewfrasie territories and Syria founded the world’s oldest international trade association Kanish, whose residents were engaged not only in intermediary trade, but also in lucrative usury. Mesopotamia is one of the oldest agricultural centers on the planet (XI-VIII thousand B.C., when the transition from nomadic to sedentary life began). The transition to the monetary tax in the XX century BC contributed to the activation of the banking business. Harvest would occur during the period between late April and June. In the conditions of untied money circulation, small farms were very dependent on the loan. The usurious practice was improved, in the country in the II millennium BC the first banks that belonged to the trading houses Murash and Eribi appeared. Common crops in the region included peas, beans and lentils. Lenders were mainly temples, as well as individuals. The quality of the tools improved for workers on temple estates and palaces with the introduction of copper-alloy and iron tools. The state supported horticulture, and a fine of 252 g was imposed for cutting down garden trees in another’s garden – silver pivmini. With the formation of the Babylonian state (2nd millennium B.C. The Sumerians ruled the area of southern Mesopotamia known as Sumer from about 5000 to 1750 B.C. The most important tools in any Mesopotamian farmer’s arsenal were their hoe, drill, saw, and ox-driven plow. The poverty of the raw material base forced the population to make tools, even tools, out of clay.. Babylonians already made colourful facing tiles, made sound textiles that was famous all over the ancient world. Small precious metal balls were glued to the metal surface with a paste made of fish glue, copper hydroxide and water, after which the product was fired. The first stone plows used in Mesopotamia are referred to as beam-ards and created a furrow in the soil without causing it to turn. Cattle breeding provided raw materials for leather production. Such technology of jewelry production spread in Europe, but in the Middle Ages its secret was lost and re-discovered only in 1933. Even though these tools seem simple, they were still important technology. The delta region was … The price of a slave ranged from 14 to 20 shekels of silver (8 hours).
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