The activity of HVC neurons in awake, singing birds correlates precisely with production of specific song syllables, indicating that the HVC→RA pathway is part of the on-line circuitry for producing learned vocal patterns in adult birds (McCasland and Konishi 1981). Zebra finches learn the sounds used for vocal communication during a sensitive period of development. Undirected song encourages the breeding female zebra finch to remain in the nest. Specific auditory experience is necessary for vocal learning to proceed normally: juveniles must hear a ‘tutor’ song model (normally their father) from approximately 20 to 50 days of age in order to reproduce an accurate copy of that song later in development (e.g., Böhner 1990). 1379-1412. Psychopharmacology 101: Age- and sex-related differences in opioid receptor densities in the songbird vocal control system. 37: Phases of each tone component were adjusted to eliminate envelope cues that might be used for discrimination, selected according to an algorithm by Schroeder (1970). 451-457. FURTHER READING: Lee A. Dugatkin, Principles of Animal Behavior, 3rd ed. Many butterflies and some moths aggregate at sources of water (shown here), drinking copious amounts of liquid, and then void that liquid in anal jets projected up to half a meter from their bodies. 1). (2001). Song learning “is a complicated behavior that requires multiple brain areas coordinating their functions over long stretches of development. J. Chem. 208: The two versions of song are equally loud, and directed song is a more intense performance: faster, more notes and longer bouts, though the differences are subtle (see below; Sossinka & Böhner 1981). 62: Song system nuclei HVC and lMAN are sexually dimorphic in the number of androgen-concentrating neurons (Arnold and Saltiel, 1979; Gahr, 2001; Kim et al., 2004). — In captivity, visual isolation from conspecifics frequently increases bouts of undirected singing. Oxytocin antagonist treatments alter the formation of pair relationships in zebra finches of both sexes. The effects of naloxone on courtship and pairing behaviour in male and female zebra finches: the importance of testing mechanisms using multiple paradigms In: Behaviour Authors: Michelle L. Tomaszycki 1 , Joanna H. Schnelker 1 , and Brendon P. Zatirka 1 Neurosci. Importantly, a high-resolution digital atlas of the zebra finch brain was recently published (Karten et al., 2013) and detailed; current protocols for using zebra finches in research can be accessed online (Cold Spring Harbor Press, 2014). So there is a strong indication that the birds are actually responding to changes in temporal fine structure rather than frequency. Juvenile birds use auditory feedback to refine subsong until it matches the template of the tutor song. — Khurshid N., Agarwal V., Iyengar S. (2009). No control females sang. Burkett J.P., Spiegel L.L., Inoue K., Murphy A.Z., Young L.J. These results suggest that lMAN circuitry is necessary for learning during early stages of vocal development, but may play no role in stereotyped vocal production. [58] as a model to examine the effects of environmentally relevant perchlorate concentrations on growth and behavior on growth and behavior of a granivorous passerine. In females, 10 mg/kg of naloxone in a forced-choice paradigm increased preference for the unfamiliar over the familiar male. It can also be found natively on Timor island. 307-321. 89: (C) Thresholds for detecting inharmonicity in humans and two species of birds. The neurobiology of positive emotions. Opioids and attachment in rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) abusive mothers. Their increasing popularity resides especially in the fields of neurobiology, with a majority of investigations in the United States focusing on male vocal development, and behavior, such as the basis for mate preference and aggression. Jacques Balthazart, ... Elizabeth Adkins-Regan, in Hormones, Brain and Behavior (Third Edition), 2017. Riters L.V. 35, 1100–1112; (b) Data of Adkins-Regan, E., Yang, S., Mansukhani, V., 1996. Behav. 2001, 2002). Coria-Avila G.A., Solomon C.E., Vargas E.B., Lemme I., Ryan R., Menard S., Gavrila A.M., Pfaus J.G. — 116: Eggs (Including Candling, Clear Eggs & Egg Repair), Complications & Troubleshooting (including Culling), Discouraging Finches from Breeding & Laying Eggs. During pre-copulatory courtship, directed song is emitted by a sexually aroused male when he sings directly at the female a few centimetres away as he dances towards her. Behav. Vahaba D.M., Lacey W.H., Tomaszycki M.L. One review article determined there were considerably more articles about zebra finches in 2008 relative to other passerine species (Bateson and Feenders, 2010), while a tally of PubMed entries for the subject ‘zebra finch’ reveals a steady annual increase in publications that started to escalate during the 1980s. Factors affecting the formation and maintenance of pair bonds in the zebra finch, Behavioral effects of progesterone on pair bonding and partner preference in the female zebra finch (, Experimental alteration of male song quality and output affects female mate choice and pair bond formation in zebra finches, DSP-4, a noradrenergic neurotoxin, produces sex-specific effects on pairing and courtship behavior in zebra finches, Opioid receptor function in social attachment in young domestic fowl, https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539X-00003234. Effects of central administration of naloxone during the extinction of appetitive sexual responses. Burgdorf J., Panksepp J. Establishment of a preference by the newborn lamb for its mother: the role of opioids. But if the juveniles were given a chance to interact with a tutor before the circuit was damaged, they had no problem learning the song. 0
Since the only difference between these stimuli is in temporal fine structure, it must be the basis of discrimination. Zebra finches and budgerigars are able to discriminate slight mistuning of one of the harmonics in a simulated female zebra finch contact call (Lohr & Dooling 1998). There is also a multirelay route from HVC to RA: a distinct population of neurons in HVC projects to Area X in the basal ganglia, which relays through the thalamic nucleus DLM to the cortical region lMAN, which projects onto the same RA neurons that receive inputs from HVC. Mean body mass and tibiotarsal length were significantly reduced in the 100 and 1,000 μg/g dose groups from PHDs 3 to 14, and this reduction persisted until PHD 40. To explore this idea, birds and humans were tested on specially synthesized sets of sounds called Schroeder complexes (CD1 #64). Motif similarity increased in successive recordings of young birds, but not of old birds (Pytte et al., 2007); however, the values of similarity again pointed to a certain variability in the singing of older birds. Humans were unable to discriminate between complexes with fundamental frequencies higher than about 250 Hz..
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